Saturday, September 25, 2021

PPSPC31/PS7008/EE8019/SMART GRID /UNIT I/ INTRODUCTION TO SMART GRID/Study Material

Friday, September 24, 2021

EI8075/FIBRE OPTICS AND LASER INSTRUMENTS/UNIT 1& 2 Important questions

UNIT I OPTICAL FIBRES AND THEIR PROPERTIES &

UNIT II INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF OPTICAL FIBRES

Important questions

PART A

Draw the block diagram of the Optical Fiber Communication system

Define Total Internal Reflection

Problem

Define acceptance angle

List out the requirements for optical detector

List out the types of optical fiber sensors with an example

What are Moire fringes

Write a short note on optical modulators and their type.

What are Dispersion and mention its type?

Write a short note on Non-linear scattering loss

What is incident and reflected light?

Define critical angle?

Among microwaves & light waves, which have a high bit rate distant product? Why?

What is the necessity of cladding for an optical fiber?

Mention three advantages of optical fiber as a waveguide over conventional metallic waveguide?

What is a Fiber Optic Polarimeter?

Define a modulator? Give its types?

What are the important parameters of optical detectors?

Explain briefly about pockels effect?

Discuss briefly micro-bending and macro-bending in fiber optics?

PART B

Step index & graded-index fiber

Meridional and Skew rays

Principle of light propagation and guiding mechanism in fiber optics.

Measurement of attenuation (by cut-back method)

Fiber Absorption Measurement

Different types of modulators

Measurement of scattering loss and near field scanning techniques

Measurement of dispersion

Problem

Transmission and mechanical characteristics of optical fiber

Measurement of pressure and temperature using fiber optics

Optical source (LED) and Optical detector (P-I-N)

Tuesday, September 21, 2021

PPSPC31/PS7008/EE8019/SMART GRID /Assignment -01

Smart Grid Assignment-01

Write a report on India Smart grid Policy & Implementation status
Write a report on Smart grid -Puducherry Pilot project
Collect around 50 surveys regarding the awareness of smart meters and the necessity of smart grids for an Indian environment.

Note: Before taking the survey send the questionnaires and get verified.

Sunday, September 19, 2021

SMART GRID Syllabus

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SMART GRID

Evolution of Electric Grid, Concept, Definitions and Need for Smart Grid, Smart grid drivers, functions, opportunities, challenges and benefits, Difference between conventional & Smart Grid, National and International Initiatives in Smart Grid.

UNIT II SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES

Technology Drivers, Smart energy resources, Smart substations, Substation Automation, Feeder Automation ,Transmission systems: EMS, FACTS and HVDC, Wide area monitoring, Protection and control, Distribution systems: DMS, Volt/Var control, Fault Detection, Isolation and service restoration, Outage management, High-Efficiency Distribution Transformers, Phase Shifting Transformers, Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV).

UNIT III SMART METERS AND ADVANCED METERING INFRASTRUCTURE

Introduction to Smart Meters, Advanced Metering infrastructure (AMI) drivers and benefits, AMI protocols, standards and initiatives, AMI needs in the smart grid, Phasor Measurement Unit(PMU), Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED) & their application for monitoring & protection.

UNIT IV POWER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN SMART GRID

Power Quality & EMC in Smart Grid, Power Quality issues of Grid connected Renewable Energy Sources, Power Quality Conditioners for Smart Grid, Web based Power Quality monitoring, Power Quality Audit.

UNIT V HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS

Local Area Network (LAN), House Area Network (HAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), Broadband over Power line (BPL), IP based Protocols, Basics of Web Service and CLOUD Computing to make Smart Grids smarter, Cyber Security for Smart Grid.

REFERENCES

1 Stuart Borlase “Smart Grid :Infrastructure, Technology and Solutions”, CRC Press 2012.

2 Janaka Ekanayake, Nick Jenkins, KithsiriLiyanage, Jianzhong Wu, Akihiko Yokoyama, “Smart Grid: Technology and Applications”, Wiley 2012.

3 Vehbi C. Güngör, DilanSahin, TaskinKocak, Salih Ergüt, Concettina Buccella, Carlo Cecati, and Gerhard P. Hancke, “Smart Grid Technologies: Communication Technologies and Standards” IEEE Transactions On Industrial Informatics, Vol. 7, No. 4, November 2011.

4 Xi Fang, Satyajayant Misra, Guoliang Xue, and Dejun Yang “Smart Grid – The New and Improved Power Grid: A Survey” , IEEE Transaction on Smart Grids, vol. 14, 2012.