Overview & types of Electric vehicle

Overview & types of Electric vehicle:

IC Engine requires:

• Starter motor(to start the IC engine)
• Alternator(to recharge the battery once the IC engines starts)

These  two functions are kept together in a device called Integrated Starter Generator(ISG)

ISG connected to the IC engine either through

• Belt driven ISG
• Crank shaft mounted ISG

The function of ISG is it assist the IC engines in various way

Electric vehicle can be classified in various way

• Propulsion device
• Pure Electric vehicle(PEV)
• Battery Electric vehicle(Clutch is not required)
• Fuel cell Electric vehicle (Battery+ Fuel cell)
• Ultracapacitor Electric vehicle(Battery+ UC)
• Ultra Flywheel Electric vehicle(Battery+UF)
• Hybrid electric vehicle(HEV)

Electric motor rating is low in Microhybrid and high in Range Extended

IC engine high rating in Microhybrid and low in Range Extended

• Conventional HEV (refill at filling station or petrol station)
• Microhybrid(ISG, 3 -5 KW)ISG supports starting and stopping of the IC engine.This will enables fuel economy.

ISG can also help in recovery of  energy power during braking.Low power ISG & they are connected through Belt Driven

• Mild Hybrid(ISG,7-15 KW) ISG of higher rating is used. ISG supports starting and stopping & regenerative braking of the IC engine.It also support the IC engine and power shearing during normal operation.
• Full Hybrid(ETV, 50 -60 KW)(IC engine or Electric mode or both)
• It requires a complex  transmission system which is known as Electronic variable transmission(ETV)This device allows to connect the IC engine & motor together.
• Start- Stop, Regenerative braking,Power assist & Electric launch.
• Series Hybrid
• Parallel Hybrid(both the IC engine & Battery based is couple together with a clutch known as Dual clutch transmission.(DCT)
• Series parallel hybrid(special gear system Continuous variable transmission(CVT) which allows all the modes series & parallel operation)
• Complex Hybrid
• Grid - Able HEV (refill both electrically and at filling station)
• Plug in Hybrid(PHEV)

Derived from full hybrid

Mostly operated in blended mode

• Range Extended(REV)
• Derived from Battery  Electric vehicle
• Mostly operated in pure electric mode.
• Energy source
• Battery Electric vehicle
• Hybrid Electric vehicle
• Fuel cell Electric vehicle
• Energy carriers etc